Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction refers to problems affecting the jaw joint and the muscles that control jaw movement. It can cause jaw pain, stiffness, clicking or popping, headaches, facial pain, difficulty chewing, or limited ability to open the mouth. Symptoms can sometimes extend into the neck and shoulders.
Physiotherapy can help identify contributing factors and improve jaw movement, muscle function, mobility, and pain.
How can physiotherapy help?
A physiotherapist may assess:
- Jaw movement and mobility
- TMJ and facial muscle tension
- Neck and upper-back posture and mobility
- Muscle strength and coordination
- Habits such as teeth clenching or grinding
- Breathing and movement patterns that may contribute to symptoms
Treatment may include manual therapy, gentle TMJ and cervical mobilization, soft-tissue techniques, therapeutic exercises, posture and movement education, relaxation strategies, and a home exercise program.
Treatment is individualized based on whether the primary problem involves joint mobility, muscle tension, weakness, movement coordination, or a combination of factors.
When should you seek physiotherapy?
Consider an assessment if you experience persistent jaw pain, recurrent headaches associated with jaw symptoms, difficulty opening or closing your mouth, painful clicking or popping, difficulty chewing, or pain extending into the face, neck, or shoulders.
A physiotherapy assessment can help determine whether your symptoms are related to the TMJ and whether physiotherapy is appropriate as part of your care.